The feature is bright enough to be visible to the naked eye, and displays unusually bright features when viewed through a large telescope. [15], Lunar crater chains are usually named after a nearby crater.
Dr. Barlow is also creating a new lunar impact crater database similar to Wood and Andersson's, except hers will include all impact craters greater than or equal to five kilometers in diameter and is based on the Clementine spacecraft's images of the lunar surface. Scientific opinion as to the origin of craters swung back and forth over the ensuing centuries. [5] The biggest recorded creation was caused by an impact recorded on March 17, 2013. This is a list of named lunar craters.
These successfully accounted for about 99% of all lunar impact craters.
Their Latin names contain the word Catena ("chain"). The moon zoo project within the Zooniverse program aimed to use citizen scientists to map the size and shape of as many craters as possible using data from the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. [16] This tradition comes from Giovanni Battista Riccioli, who started it in 1651. [15][16] Besides this, in 1970 twelve craters were named after twelve living astronauts (6 Soviet and 6 American). Robert Hooke. The word crater was adopted from the Greek word for "vessel" (Κρατήρ a Greek vessel used to mix wine and water). The formation of new craters is studied in the lunar impact monitoring program at NASA. The lunar craters are listed in the following subsections. List of people with craters of the Moon named after them, "Using the Moon as a mirror — Hubble to watch transit of Venus in reflected light", "Final Report on NGR 22-007-194, Lunar Nomenclature", Digital Lunar Orbiter Photographic Atlas of the Moon, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_craters_on_the_Moon&oldid=966549208, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 July 2020, at 18:37. This is a roughly circular, bowl-shaped formation, with the larger but less conspicuous Langrenus H attached to the northwest rim. Lunar craters are listed alphabetically on the following partial lists: Locations and diameters of some prominent craters on the near side of the Moon: The following sources were used as references on the individual crater pages. London: J. Martyn and J. Allestry, 1665. The crater nomenclature is governed by the International Astronomical Union, and this listing only includes features that are officially recognized by that scientific society. [17][18] Since 1919, assignment of these names is regulated by the International Astronomical Union. The list of approved names in the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature maintained by the International Astronomical Union includes the diameter of the crater and the person the crater is named for. They used a sampling of craters that were relatively unmodified by subsequent impacts, then grouped the results into five broad categories.
This is a list of named lunar craters. It is also readily identified when most of the lunar surface is il [15], The majority of named lunar craters are satellite craters: their names consist of the name of a nearby named crater and a capital letter (for example, Copernicus A, Copernicus B, Copernicus C and so on).
Galileo built his first telescope in late 1609, and turned it to the Moon for the first time on November 30, 1609. Beyond a couple of hundred kilometers diameter, the central peak of the TYC class disappear and they are classed as basins. The crater nomenclature is governed by the International Astronomical Union, and this listing only includes features that are officially recognized by that scientific society. [17], Small craters of special interest (for example, visited by lunar missions) receive human first names (Robert, José, Louise etc.).
However, it has since been retired. Robert Hooke in "Micrographia" (1665) proposed two hypotheses for lunar crater formation: one that the craters caused by projectile bombardment from space, the other that they were CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "New technique uses AI to locate and count craters on the moon", "New morphometric data for fresh lunar craters", "Proceedings of the Thirteenth General Assembly (Prague, 1967) – excerpts", "Development of a New GIS Database of Lunar Impact Craters", "Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lunar_craters&oldid=983647627, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Articles needing additional references from November 2010, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, a surrounding area with materials splashed out of the ground when the crater was formed; this is typically lighter in shade than older materials due to exposure to solar radiation for a lesser time, raised rim, consisting of materials ejected but landing very close by, crater wall, the downward-sloping portion of the crater, crater floor, a more or less smooth, flat area, which as it ages accumulates small craters of its own. It's about 1,600 miles across (2,500 kilometers). These were named craters by Schroeter (1791), extending its previous use with volcanoes. The competing theories were (a) volcanic eruptions blasting holes in the Moon, (b) meteoric impact, (c) a theory known as the Welteislehre developed in Germany between the two World Wars which suggested glacial action creating the craters.
He discovered that, contrary to general opinion at that time, the Moon was not a perfect sphere, but had both mountains and cup-like depressions. The red marker on these images illustrates the location of the named crater feature on the near side of the Moon. [6] Visible to the naked eye, the impact is believed to be from an approximately 40 kg (88 lb) meteoroid striking the surface at a speed of 90,000 km/h (56,000 mph; 16 mi/s). Grove Karl Gilbert suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts. According to David H. Levy, Gene "saw the craters on the Moon as logical impact sites that were formed not gradually, in eons, but explosively, in seconds."[4]. The list of approved names in the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature maintained by the …
«Micrographia: or, Some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses». Around 1960, Gene Shoemaker revived the idea. It lies to the east of the prominent crater Langrenus, and was designated Langrenus J before being given a name by the IAU. [14], Craters constitute 95% of all named lunar features.
Craters typically will have some or all of the following features: In 1978, Chuck Wood and Leif Andersson of the Lunar & Planetary Lab devised a system of categorization of lunar impact craters. [9] The large majority of these features are impact craters.
The largest crater called such is about 290 kilometres (181 mi) across in diameter, located near the lunar South Pole. For example, Catena Davy is situated near the crater Davy.[15][19]. [15] Usually they are named after deceased scientists and other explorers.
The large majority of these features are impact craters. In March 2018, the discovery of around 7,000 formerly unidentified lunar craters via convolutional neural network developed at the University of Toronto Scarborough was announced.[7][8]. Ralph Baldwin in 1949 wrote that the Moon's craters were mostly of impact origin. The word crater was adopted from the Greek word for "vessel" (Κρατήρ a Greek vessel used to mix wine and water). The largest crater on the Moon is called South Pole-Aitkin Basin. Aristarchus, named after the Greek astronomer Aristarchus of Samos, is a prominent lunar impact crater that lies in the northwest part of the Moon's near side. "Lunar crater" redirects here. central peak, found only in some craters with a diameter exceeding 26 kilometres (16 mi); this is generally a splash effect caused by the kinetic energy of the impacting object being turned to heat and melting some lunar material. Somerville is a small lunar impact crater in the eastern part of the Moon. This page was last edited on 15 October 2020, at 12:37. Beginning in 2009 Dr. Nadine G. Barlow of Northern Arizona University began to convert the Wood and Andersson lunar impact-crater database into digital format.
He discovered that, contrary to general opinion at that time, the Moon was not a perfect sphere, but had both mountains and cup-like depressions. Because of the Moon's lack of water, atmosphere, and tectonic plates, there is little erosion, and craters are found that exceed two billion years in age. It's also among the oldest of the Moon's impact basins and formed just a few hundred million years or so after the Moon itself was formed. The smallest craters found have been microscopic in size, found in rocks returned to Earth from the Moon. Large craters, similar in size to maria, but without (or with small amount of) dark lava filling, are sometimes called thalassoids.[A][11][12]. These were named craters by Schroeter (1791), extending its previous use with volcanoes.